The first school in what is now the town of Newfane was built in 1815. It was a log schoolhouse located in what is now the village of Olcott, then called Kempville.  Other noteworthy updates and changes to the district are listed below:

• By 1824 there were eight separate school districts in Newfane.
• In 1830 there were 370 children taught in the schools of the town at a cost of $427.10. Of that amount, the town raised $319.11 and the state contributed $107.99.
• In 1836 the first meeting to organize a school district was held at the home of Arthur Patterson. It was resolved that a tax be raised to pay for a room at the store of James A. Cooper.
• By 1839 tuition was set at ¼ cord of wood per student. Failure to provide the required stove wood would lead to the addition of its cost to the tax bill of the student’s parents. The additional tax amounted to $.25.
• In 1878 there were 18 separate school districts in Newfane, with a combined enrollment of 1095 students between 5 and 21 years old with an average attendance of 469 daily. In most of the rural schools one teacher taught all eight grades. Students who wanted to attend grades 9-12 had to finish their schooling in nearby Lockport.
• In 1914 the first Newfane High School was built on West Avenue as a two year school. By 1924 the school board applied to the state for a full high school rating so they could provide a full four year curriculum culminating with the graduation of students. The building was sold to the Grace Baptist Church in 1950.
• 1925 was the year of the first graduating class of Newfane High School; five boys and five girls.
• Centralization of the Newfane districts was approved on June 25, 1941 by a vote of 886 yes, 86 no, thus becoming what we today call the Newfane Central School District. In 1941, the Central District included 14 of the 17 existing Town of Newfane districts. Enrollment was 728, and the district had an assessed value of $5,344,504.00.
• A 21 acre site on Transit Road and East Avenue was purchased in 1942 for a new central school building at a cost of $3,450.00. World War II and the accompanying shortage of supplies delayed construction until a few years later.
• A bond issue for $1,550,000.00 was authorized July 12, 1948. Two weeks later construction began on the new school which boasted a 682 seat auditorium and a gymnasium with a capacity of 800. All construction was completed in April of 1950, and the official dedication of the building took place with great fanfare on Sunday, June 18, 1950.  In 1953 a new wing with 14 rooms was added to the Newfane Central School building, bringing the size to almost 120,000 sq. ft.
• The Wrights Corners Elementary School was built in 1955, joining the Central School District in 1956. It closed in 1975.
• The Newfane Elementary School was built in 1959, with major additions in 2002, including an indoor swimming pool and unique geothermal system.
• Also built in 1959, the Olcott Elementary School (now known as the NECC) was built on Godfrey Road. It had a new addition built in 1999, bringing its size to 43,000 sq. ft. It is also home to the District Administration and business office.
• Work commenced on a new Senior High building on a 116 acre site on what would become One Panther Drive. Dedicated in 1968, it was built at a cost of $2.03 million. The Senior High building had a major addition built in 1999, bring the total square footage to over 110,000.
• In 2020, a 30 million dollar capital project began that included new or updated roofs, parking lots, secure front entrances, an all-weather outdoor stadium and a fully renovated auditorrium.